“楚人学齐语”的故事表明了环境对人的哪些方面有着怎样的影响？ "楚人学齐语"故事翻译
出自《孟子》。
原文：孟子谓戴不胜曰：“子欲子之王之善与？我明告子。有楚大夫于此，欲其子之齐语也，则使齐人傅诸？使楚人傅诸？”曰：“使齐人傅之。”曰：“一齐人傅之，众楚人咻之，虽日挞而求其齐也，不可得矣；引而置之庄岳之间数年，虽日挞而求其楚，亦不可得矣。
译文：有个楚国的大夫想要叫他儿子学会说齐国话。找了一个齐国人来教他，但由于一直用楚语与周围人交谈，他怎么也学不会齐语。虽然天天用鞭子抽打这个孩子，硬要他学会齐国话，结果还是没有学会。后来，这个大夫把儿子带到齐人聚居的地方，他很快就学会了齐语，反过来，硬要他说楚国话，即使天天鞭打他，也不会了。
寓意：人们要学会一种语言，掌握一门知识，认识一种事物，最好的办法就是生活于（即实践于）那个事物的环境之中，同那个事物接触。这也说明环境对于人的重要性。环境，特别是周围人对一个人的影响是非常大的，学习语言是这样，学习其他知识是这样，在品德修养上也是这样。
〔古文〕
孟子谓戴不胜曰：“子欲子之王之善与？我明告子。有楚大夫于此，欲其子之齐语也，则使齐人傅诸？使楚人傅诸？”曰：“使齐人傅之。”曰：“一齐人傅之，众楚人咻之，虽日挞而求其齐也，不可得矣；引而置之庄岳之间数年，虽日挞而求其楚，亦不可得矣。子谓薛居州，善士也。使之居于王所。在于王所者，长幼卑尊，皆薛居州也，王谁与为不善？在王所者，长幼卑尊，皆非薛居州也，王谁与为善？一薛居州，独如宋王何？”
评注：
这篇寓言的寓意是：不可忽视客观环境、周围风气对人的影响。
〔现代汉语〕
有一天，孟子问戴不胜说：“如果有一个楚国大夫在这里，想要他的儿子学齐国话，那么，应该让齐国人教他呢，还是让楚国人教他？”戴不胜回答说：“应该让齐国人教他。”孟子说：“一个齐国人教他固然不错，可是他的许多楚国同胞整天和他说楚国话，就算每天用鞭子督促他，想让他学好齐国话也是很困难的；可要是把他带到齐国的街巷之间住上几年，那时你就是天天鞭打他，强迫他再说楚国话，也是不可能的。”
〔英文〕
A Person From the State of Chu Learning the
Language of the State of Qi
One day Mencius asked Dai Busheng, “If a high official of the state of Chu stays here and he wants his son to learn the Qi language. Should he be taught by a person from Qi, or a person from Chu?” Dai Busheng replied, “He should be taught by a person from Qi.” Mencius said, “Yes. It is good for him to be taught by a person from Qi. But he is surrounded by his fellowmen speaking the Chu language with him all day long. So even if you supervise his language study with a whip, it will still be difficult for him to master the Qi language. But if you let him live in the neighbourhoods of the state of Qi for several years, then it will be impossible for you to force him, even with a whip, to speak the Chu language again.”
From Mencius, by Men Ke, the Pre – Qin period
